SPONSOR: |
Rep. Keeley & Rep. Stone & Rep. Ennis & Sen. DeLuca |
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|
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 143rd GENERAL ASSEMBLY |
HOUSE
BILL NO. 430 |
AN ACT TO AMEND TITLES 5, 6 AND 11 OF THE |
Section 1. Amend Title 5 of the
Delaware Code by adding a new Chapter 35 to read as follows:
“Chapter
35. Debt-Management Services
This chapter may be cited as the Delaware Uniform
Debt-Management Services Act.
In this chapter:
(1)
“Affiliate”:
(A)
with respect to an individual, means:
(i) the spouse of the individual;
(ii) a sibling of the individual or
the spouse of a sibling;
(iii) an individual or the spouse of an individual who is a
lineal ancestor or lineal descendant of the individual or the individual’s
spouse;
(iv) an aunt, uncle, great aunt, great uncle, first cousin,
niece, nephew, grandniece, or grandnephew, whether related by the whole or the
half blood or adoption, or the spouse of any of them; or
(v) any other individual occupying
the residence of the individual; and
(B)
with respect to an entity, means:
(i)
a person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under
common control with the entity;
(ii)
an officer of, or an individual performing similar functions with respect to,
the entity;
(iii)
a director of, or an individual performing similar functions with respect to,
the entity;
(iv) subject to adjustment of the dollar amount pursuant to
Section 3532(f), a person that receives or received more than $25,000 from the
entity in either the current year or the preceding year or a person that owns
more than 10 percent of, or an individual who is employed by or is a director
of, a person that receives or received more than $25,000 from the entity in
either the current year or the preceding year;
(v) an officer or director of, or an individual performing
similar functions with respect to, a person described in sub-subparagraph (i);
(vi) the spouse of, or an individual occupying the residence
of, an individual described in sub-subparagraphs (i) through (v); or
(vii) an individual who has the relationship specified in
subparagraph (A)(iv) to an individual or the spouse of an individual described
in sub-subparagraphs (i) through (v).
(2)
“Agreement” means an agreement between a provider and an individual for the
performance of debt-management services.
(3) “Bank” means a financial institution, including a
commercial bank, savings bank, savings and loan association, credit union, and
trust company, engaged in the business of banking, chartered under federal or
state law, and regulated by a federal or state banking regulatory authority.
(4)
“Business address” means the physical location of a business, including the
name and number of a street.
(5)
“Certified counselor” means an individual certified by a training program or
certifying organization, approved by the Commissioner, that authenticates the
competence of individuals providing education and assistance to other
individuals in connection with debt-management services.
(6)
“Commissioner” means the State Bank Commissioner.
(7) “Concessions” means assent to
repayment of a debt on terms more favorable to an individual than the terms of
the contract between the individual and a creditor.
(8)
“Day” means calendar day.
(9)
“Debt-management services” means services as an intermediary between an
individual and one or more creditors of the individual for the purpose of
obtaining concessions, but does not include:
(A)
legal services provided in an attorney-client relationship by an attorney
licensed or otherwise authorized to practice law in this state;
(B) accounting services provided in an
accountant-client relationship by a certified public accountant licensed to
provide accounting services in this state; or
(C) financial-planning services
provided in a financial planner-client relationship by a member of a
financial-planning profession whose members the Commissioner, by rule,
determines are
(i) licensed by this state;
(ii) subject to a disciplinary mechanism;
(iii) subject to a code of professional
responsibility; and
(iv) subject to a continuing-education
requirement.
(10)
“Entity” means a person other than an individual.
(11)
“Good faith” means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable standards
of fair dealing.
(12)
“Person” means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust,
partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, or any
other legal or commercial entity. The term does not include a public
corporation, government, or governmental subdivision, agency, or
instrumentality.
(13)
“Plan” means a program or strategy in which a provider furnishes
debt-management services to an individual and which includes a schedule of
payments to be made by or on behalf of the individual and used to pay debts
owed by the individual.
(14)
“Principal amount of the debt” means the amount of a debt at the time of an
agreement.
(15)
“Provider” means a person that provides, offers to provide, or agrees to
provide debt-management services directly or through others.
(16)
“Record” means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is
stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form.
(17)
“Settlement fee” means a charge imposed on or paid by an individual in
connection with a creditor’s assent to accept in full satisfaction of a debt an
amount less than the principal amount of the debt.
(18)
“Sign” means, with present intent to authenticate or adopt a record:
(A)
to execute or adopt a tangible symbol; or
(B)
to attach to or logically associate with the record an electronic sound,
symbol, or process.
(19) “State” means a state of the
(20)
“Trust account” means an account held by a provider that is:
(A)
established in an insured bank;
(B)
separate from other accounts of the provider or its designee;
(C)
designated as a trust account or other account designated to indicate that the
money in the account is not the money of the provider or its designee; and
(D) used to hold money of one or more individuals for
disbursement to creditors of the individuals.
Section 3503. EXEMPT
AGREEMENTS AND PERSONS.
(a) This chapter does not apply to an agreement with an
individual who the provider has no reason to know resides in this state at the
time of the agreement.
(b)
This chapter does not apply to a provider to the extent that the provider:
(1)
provides or agrees to provide debt-management, educational, or counseling
services to an individual who the provider has no reason to know resides in
this state at the time the provider agrees to provide the services; or
(2)
receives no compensation for debt-management services from or on behalf of the
individuals to whom it provides the services or from their creditors.
(c)
This chapter does not apply to the following persons or their employees when
the person or the employee is engaged in the regular course of the person’s
business or profession:
(1)
a judicial officer, a person acting under an order of a court or an
administrative agency, or an assignee for the benefit of creditors;
(2)
a bank;
(3)
an affiliate, as defined in Section 3502(1)(B)(i), of a bank if the affiliate
is regulated by a federal or state banking regulatory authority; or
(4)
a title insurer, escrow company, or other person that provides bill-paying
services if the provision of debt-management services is incidental to the
bill-paying services.
Section 3504. LICENSE
AND NOT-FOR-PROFIT STATUS REQUIRED.
(a)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), a provider may not provide
debt-management services to an individual who it reasonably should know resides
in this state at the time it agrees to provide the services, unless the
provider is licensed under this chapter.
(b)
If a provider is licensed under this chapter, subsection (a) does not apply to
an employee or agent of the provider.
(c)
The Commissioner shall maintain and publicize a list of the names of all
licensed providers.
(d)
A provider may be licensed only if it is:
(1)
organized and properly operating as a not-for-profit entity under the law of
the state in which it was formed; and
(2)
exempt from taxation under the United States Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C.
Section 501, as amended.
Section
3505. APPLICATION FOR LICENSE: FORM, FEE, AND ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS.
(a)
An application for license as a provider must be in a form prescribed by the
Commissioner.
(b)
An application for a license as a provider must be accompanied by:
(1)
a nonrefundable fee of $2,000.00, which shall be deposited in the State
Treasury to the credit of the State Bank Commissioner Regulatory Revolving Fund
created under § 105(b) of this title, to be used in the operation of the Office
of the State Bank Commissioner as authorized by the General Assembly in its
annual operating budget, notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in §
105(c);
(2)
the bond required by Section 3513;
(3) identification of all trust accounts required by Section
3522, an irrevocable consent authorizing the Commissioner to review and examine
the trust accounts, and the overdraft notification agreement required by
Section 3522;
(4)
evidence of insurance in the amount of $500,000:
(A) against the risks of dishonesty, fraud, theft, and other
misconduct on the part of the applicant or a director, employee, or agent of
the applicant;
(B) issued by an insurance company authorized to do business
in this state and rated at least A by a nationally recognized rating
organization;
(C) with no deductible;
(D) payable to the applicant, the individuals who have
agreements with the applicant, and this state, as their interests may appear;
and
(E) not subject to cancellation by the applicant without the
approval of the Commissioner; and
(5)
evidence of not-for-profit and tax-exempt status applicable to the applicant
under the United States Internal Revenue Code, 26 U.S.C. Section 501 as
amended.
Section 3506.
APPLICATION FOR LICENSE: REQUIRED INFORMATION.
An application for a license must be signed under oath and
include:
(1)
the applicant’s name, principal business address and telephone number, and all
other business addresses in this state, electronic-mail addresses, and Internet
website addresses;
(2)
the name and address of the applicant’s registered agent in this state;
(3) all names under which the
applicant conducts business;
(4)
the address of each location in this state at which the applicant will provide
debt-management services or a statement that the applicant will have no such
location;
(5)
the name and home address of each officer and director of the applicant and
each person that owns at least 10 percent of the applicant;
(6)
identification of every jurisdiction in which, during the five years
immediately preceding the application:
(A)
the applicant or any of its officers or directors has been licensed or
registered to provide debt-management services; or
(B) individuals have resided when they received debt-management services from
the applicant;
(7)
a statement describing, to the extent it is known or should be known by the
applicant, any material civil or criminal judgment or litigation and any
material administrative or enforcement action by a governmental agency in any
jurisdiction against the applicant, any of its officers, directors, owners, or
agents, or any person who is authorized to have access to the trust account
required by Section 3522;
(8) the applicant’s financial statements, audited by an
accountant licensed to conduct audits, for each of the two years immediately
preceding the application or, if it has not been in operation for the two years
preceding the application, for the period of its existence;
(9)
evidence of accreditation by an independent accrediting organization approved
by the Commissioner;
(10) evidence that, within 12 months after initial
employment, each of the applicant’s counselors becomes certified as a certified
counselor;
(11)
a description of the three most commonly used educational programs that the
applicant provides or intends to provide to individuals who reside in this
state and a copy of any materials used or to be used in those programs;
(12) a description of the applicant’s financial analysis and
initial budget plan, including any form or electronic model, used to evaluate
the financial condition of individuals;
(13)
a copy of each form of agreement that the applicant will use with individuals
who reside in this state;
(14)
the schedule of fees and charges that the applicant will use with individuals
who reside in this state;
(15) at the applicant’s expense, the results of a
criminal-records check, including fingerprints, conducted within the
immediately preceding 12 months, covering every officer of the applicant and
every employee or agent of the applicant who is authorized to have access to
the trust account required by Section 3522;
(16)
the names and addresses of all employers of each director during the 10 years
immediately preceding the application;
(17) a description of any ownership interest of at least 10
percent by a director, owner, or employee of the applicant in:
(A)
any affiliate of the applicant; or
(B)
any entity that provides products or services to the applicant or any
individual relating to the applicant’s debt-management services;
(18)
a statement of the amount of compensation of the applicant’s five most highly
compensated employees for each of the three years immediately preceding the
application or, if it has not been in operation for the three years preceding
the application, for the period of its existence; and
(19)
the identity of each director who is an affiliate, as defined in Section
3502(1)(A) or (B)(i), (ii), (iv), (v), (vi), or (vii), of the applicant; and
(20)
any other information that the Commissioner reasonably requires to perform the
Commissioner’s duties under this chapter.
Section 3507.
APPLICATION FOR LICENSE: OBLIGATION TO UPDATE INFORMATION.
An applicant or licensed provider shall notify the
Commissioner within 10 days after a change in the information specified in
Section 3505 or 3506.
Section 3508. APPLICATION FOR LICENSE: PUBLIC
INFORMATION.
Except for the information required by Section 3506 (8),
(15), and (18) and the addresses required by Section 3506(5), the Commissioner
shall make the information in an application for a provider license available
to the public.
Section 3509. LICENSE: ISSUANCE OR
DENIAL.
(a)
Except as otherwise provided in subsections (b) and (c), the Commissioner shall
issue a provider license to a person that complies with Sections 3505 and 3506.
(b)
The Commissioner may deny a license if:
(1)
the application contains information that is materially erroneous or incomplete;
(2)
an officer, director, or owner of the applicant has been convicted of a crime,
or suffered a civil judgment, involving dishonesty or the violation of state or
federal securities laws;
(3)
the applicant or any of its officers, directors, or owners has defaulted in the
payment of money collected for others; or
(4)
the Commissioner finds that the financial responsibility, experience, character,
or general fitness of the applicant or its owners, directors, employees, or
agents does not warrant belief that the business will be operated in compliance
with this chapter.
(c)
The Commissioner shall deny a license if:
(1)
the application is not accompanied by the fee established pursuant to this
chapter; or
(2)
the applicant’s board of directors is not independent of the applicant’s
employees and agents.
(d)
Subject to adjustment of the dollar amount pursuant to Section 3532(f), a board
of directors is not independent for purposes of subsection (c) if more than
one-fourth of its members:
(1)
are affiliates of the applicant, as defined in Section 3502(1)(A) or (B)(i),
(ii), (iv), (v), (vi), or (vii); or
(2)
after the date 10 years before first becoming a director of the applicant, were
employed by or directors of a person that received from the applicant more than
$25,000 in either the current year or the preceding year.
Section 3510.
LICENSE: TIMING.
(a)
The Commissioner shall approve or make a preliminary determination to deny an
initial license as a provider within 120 days from the date that the
Commissioner determines that the application as filed is complete. In
connection with a request pursuant to Section 3506(20) for additional
information, the Commissioner may extend the 120-day period for not more than
60 days. Within seven days after making a preliminary determination to deny an
application, the Commissioner, in a record, shall inform the applicant of the
reasons for the proposed denial.
(b)
If the Commissioner makes a preliminary determination to deny an application
for an initial license as a provider, the applicant may file a request for a
hearing with the Commissioner pursuant to Subchapter IV of the Delaware
Administrative Procedures Act, Chapter 101 of Title 29. The Commissioner’s preliminary determination
may become a final decision if such a request is not timely filed.
(c)
Subject to Sections 3511(d) and 3534, a provider license is valid for one year
after the date of issuance.
Section 3511. RENEWAL OF LICENSES.
(a)
A provider must obtain a renewal of its license annually.
(b)
An application for renewal of a provider license must be in a form prescribed
by the Commissioner signed under oath, and:
(1)
be filed no fewer than 30 and no more than 60 days before the license expires;
(2) be accompanied by (i) a nonrefundable fee of $1,000.00,
which shall be deposited in the State Treasury to the credit of the State Bank
Commissioner Regulatory Revolving Fund created under § 105(b) of this title, to
be used in the operation of the Office of the State Bank Commissioner as
authorized by the General Assembly in its annual operating budget,
notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in § 105(c), and (ii) the bond
required by Section 3513;
(3)
contain the matter required for initial licensing as a provider by Section
3506(8) and (9) and a financial statement, audited by an accountant licensed to
conduct audits, for the applicant’s fiscal year immediately preceding the
application;
(4)
disclose any changes in the information contained in the applicant’s
application for licensing or its immediately previous application for renewal,
as applicable;
(5)
supply evidence of insurance in an amount equal to the larger of $500,000 or
the highest daily balance in the trust account required by Section 3522 during
the six-month period immediately preceding the application;
(A) against risks of dishonesty, fraud, theft, and other
misconduct on the part of the applicant or a director, employee, or agent of
the applicant;
(B) issued by an insurance company authorized to do business
in this state and rated at least A by a nationally recognized rating
organization;
(C) with no deductible;
(D) payable to the applicant, the individuals who have
agreements with the applicant, and this state, as their interests may appear;
and
(E) not subject to cancellation by the applicant without the
approval of the Commissioner;
(6)
disclose the total amount of money received by the applicant pursuant to plans
during the preceding 12 months from or on behalf of individuals who reside in
this state and the total amount of money distributed to creditors of those
individuals during that period;
(7)
disclose, to the best of the applicant’s knowledge, the gross amount of money
accumulated during the preceding 12 months pursuant to plans by or on behalf of
individuals who reside in this state and with whom the applicant has
agreements; and
(8)
provide any other information that the Commissioner reasonably requires to
perform the Commissioner’s duties under this chapter.
(c)
Except for the information required by Section 3506(8), (15), and (18) and the
addresses required by Section 3506(5), the Commissioner shall make the
information in an application for renewal of a provider license available to
the public.
(d)
If a licensed provider files a timely and complete application for renewal of
its license, the license remains effective until the Commissioner, in a record,
notifies the applicant of a denial and states the reasons for the denial.
(e)
If the Commissioner makes a preliminary determination to deny an application
for the renewal of a provider license, the applicant may file a request for a
hearing with the Commissioner pursuant to Subchapter IV of the Delaware
Administrative Procedures Act, Chapter 101 of Title 29. The Commissioner’s preliminary determination
may become a final decision if such a request is not timely filed.
(f) Subject to Section 3534, while the final decision is
pending, the applicant shall continue to provide debt-management services to
individuals with whom it has agreements.
If the Commissioner’s final decision is to deny the application, subject
to the Commissioner’s order and Section 3534, the applicant shall continue to
provide debt-management services to individuals with whom it has agreements
until, with the Commissioner’s approval, it transfers the agreements to another
licensed provider or returns to the individuals all unexpended money that is
under the applicant’s control.
Section 3512. LICENSE IN ANOTHER
STATE.
If a provider holds a license or certificate of registration
in another state authorizing it to provide debt-management services, and the
Commissioner has approved the application forms of that state for use under
this chapter, the provider may submit a copy of that license or certificate and
the application for it in lieu of an application in the form prescribed by
Sections 3505(a), 3506, or 3511(b).
(a)
Except as otherwise provided in Section 3514, every licensed provider shall
file with the Commissioner, in a form satisfactory to the Commissioner, an
original corporate surety bond, with surety provided by a corporation
authorized to transact business in this state, in the principal sum to be
determined by the Commissioner, except that the bond amount shall not be less
than $500,000. In determining the amount
of the bond required for a licensed provider, the Commissioner shall consider,
among other things:
(1)
the dollar value of the licensed provider’s
(2)
the dollar value of all trusts accounts; and
(3) such other and further criteria as the Commissioner may
deem necessary and appropriate.
(b)
No bond shall be accepted unless the following requirements are satisfied:
(1)
the aggregate value of the bond shall be equal to or greater than the amount
determined in accordance with subsection (a) of this section;
(2)
the term of the bond shall be commensurate with the license period or
continuous;
(3)
the expiration date of the bond shall not be earlier than
(4) the bond shall run to the state for the benefit of the
Office of the State Bank Commissioner and for the benefit of all consumers
injured by any wrongful act, omission, default, fraud or misrepresentation by a
licensed provider in the course of its activity as a licensed provider. Compensation under the bond shall be for
amounts which represent actual losses and shall not be payable for claims made
by business creditors, third-party service providers, agents or persons
otherwise in the employ of the licensed provider. Surety claims shall be paid to the Office of
the State Bank Commissioner by the insurer not later than 90 days after receipt
of a claim. Claims paid after 90 days
shall be subject to daily interest at the legal rate. The aggregate liability of the surety on the
bond, exclusive of any interest which accrues for payments made after 90 days,
shall in no event exceed the amount of such bond.
(c)
If the licensed provider changes its surety company or the bond is otherwise
amended, the licensed provider shall immediately provide the Commissioner with
the amended original copy of the surety bond.
No cancellation of any existing bond by a surety shall be effective
unless written notice of its intention to cancel is filed with the Commissioner
at least 30 days before the date upon which cancellation shall take effect.
(d)
The Commissioner may require potential claimants to provide such documentation
and affirmations as the Commissioner may determine to be necessary and
appropriate. In the event the
Commissioner determines that multiple consumers have been injured by a licensed
provider, the Commissioner shall cause a notice to be published for the purpose
of identifying all relevant claims.
(e)
When a surety company receives a claim against the bond of a licensed provider,
it shall immediately notify the Commissioner and shall not pay any claim unless
and until it receives notice to do so from the Commissioner.
(f) The Commissioner shall have a period of two calendar
years after the effective date of cancellation or termination of the surety
bond by the insurer to submit claims to the insurer.
Section 3514. BOND REQUIRED: SUBSTITUTE.
(a) In lieu of requiring the filing of a
surety bond, the Commissioner may, at the Commissioner’s discretion, accept
from a licensed provider an irrevocable letter of credit. Such irrevocable letters of credit shall be provided by an
insured depository institution (as defined in the Federal Deposit Insurance Act
at 12 U.S.C. Section 1813(c)) acceptable to the Commissioner, in a form
satisfactory to the Commissioner in the principal sum to be determined by the
Commissioner, except that the irrevocable letter of credit amount shall not be
less than $500,000. In determining the
amount of the irrevocable letter of credit required for a licensed provider,
the Commissioner shall consider, among other things:
(1)
the dollar value of the licensed provider’s
(2)
the dollar value of all trust accounts; and
(3) such other and further criteria as the Commissioner may
deem necessary and appropriate.
(b) No irrevocable letter of credit shall be accepted unless
the following requirements are satisfied:
(1) the aggregate value of the irrevocable letter of credit
shall be equal to or greater than the amount determined by subsection (a) of
this section;
(2) the irrevocable letter of credit shall run to the state
for the benefit of The Office of the State Bank Commissioner and for the
benefit of all consumers injured by the wrongful act, omission, default, fraud
or misrepresentation by a licensed provider in the course of its activity as a
licensed provider. Compensation under
the irrevocable letter of credit shall be for amounts which represent actual
losses and shall not be payable for claims made by business creditors,
third-party service providers, agents or persons otherwise in the employ of the
licensed provider. The aggregate
liability of the insured depository institution issuing the irrevocable letter
of credit shall in no event exceed the amount of such irrevocable letter of
credit; and
(3) draws upon such irrevocable letters of credit shall be
available by sight drafts thereunder, in amounts determined by the
Commissioner, up to the aggregate amount of the irrevocable letter of credit.
(c)
The Commissioner may require potential claimants to provide such documentation
and affirmations as the Commissioner may determine to be necessary and
appropriate. In the event the
Commissioner determines that multiple consumers have been injured by a licensed
provider, the Commissioner shall cause a notice to be published for the purpose
of identifying all relevant claims.
(d) The
Commissioner may refuse release of an irrevocable letter of credit, following
the surrender of a license, up to two years after the effective date of such
termination of licensure.
Section 3515. REQUIREMENT OF GOOD FAITH.
A provider shall act in good faith in all matters under this
chapter.
Section 3516. CUSTOMER SERVICE.
A provider that is required to be licensed under this chapter
shall maintain a toll-free communication system, staffed at a level that
reasonably permits an individual to speak to a certified counselor or
customer-service representative, as appropriate, during ordinary business
hours.
Section 3517.
PREREQUISITES FOR PROVIDING DEBT-MANAGEMENT SERVICES.
(a)
Before providing debt-management services, a licensed provider shall give the
individual an itemized list of goods and services and the charges for each. The
list must be clear and conspicuous, be in a record the individual may keep
whether or not the individual assents to an agreement, and describe the goods
and services the provider offers:
(1)
free of additional charge if the individual enters into an agreement;
(2)
for a charge if the individual does not enter into an agreement; and
(3)
for a charge if the individual enters into an agreement, using the following
terminology, as applicable, and format:
Set-up fee ________________________________________________
dollar
amount of fee
Monthly service fee ________________________________________________
dollar
amount of fee or method of determining amount
Settlement fee ________________________________________________
dollar amount of fee or method of
determining amount
Goods and services in addition to those provided in
connection with a plan:
(item) ________________________________________________
dollar amount or method of
determining amount
(item) ________________________________________________
dollar amount or method of
determining amount.
(b)
A provider may not furnish debt-management services unless the provider,
through the services of a certified counselor:
(1)
provides the individual with reasonable education about the management of
personal finance;
(2)
has prepared a financial analysis; and
(3)
if the individual is to make regular, periodic payments:
(A)
has prepared a plan for the individual;
(B)
has made a determination, based on the provider’s analysis of the information
provided by the individual and otherwise available to it, that the plan is
suitable for the individual and the individual will be able to meet the payment
obligations under the plan; and
(C)
believes that each creditor of the individual listed as a participating
creditor in the plan will accept payment of the individual’s debts as provided
in the plan.
(c)
Before an individual assents to an agreement to engage in a plan, a provider
shall:
(1)
provide the individual with a copy of the analysis and plan required by
subsection (b) in a record that identifies the provider and that the individual
may keep whether or not the individual assents to the agreement;
(2)
inform the individual of the availability, at the individual’s option, of
assistance by a toll-free communication system or in person to discuss the
financial analysis and plan required by subsection (b); and
(3)
with respect to all creditors identified by the individual or otherwise known
by the provider to be creditors of the individual, provide the individual with
a list of:
(A)
creditors that the provider expects to participate in the plan and grant
concessions;
(B)
creditors that the provider expects to participate in the plan but not grant
concessions;
(C)
creditors that the provider expects not to participate in the plan; and
(D)
all other creditors.
(d)
Before an individual assents to an agreement to engage in a plan, the provider
shall inform the individual, in a record that contains nothing else, that is
given separately, and that the individual may keep whether or not the individual
assents to the agreement:
(1)
of the name and business address of the provider;
(2)
that plans are not suitable for all individuals and the individual may ask the
provider about other ways, including bankruptcy, to deal with indebtedness;
(3)
that establishment of a plan may adversely affect the individual’s credit
rating or credit scores;
(4)
that nonpayment of debt may lead creditors to increase finance and other
charges or undertake collection activity, including litigation;
(5)
unless it is not true, that the provider may receive compensation from the
creditors of the individual; and
(6) that, unless the individual is insolvent, if a creditor
settles for less than the full amount of the debt, the plan may result in the
creation of taxable income to the individual, even though the individual does
not receive any money.
(e)
If a provider may receive payments from an individual’s creditors and the plan
contemplates that the individual’s creditors will reduce finance charges or
fees for late payment, default, or delinquency, the provider may comply with
subsection (d) by providing the following disclosure, surrounded by black
lines:
IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR YOU TO
CONSIDER
(1) Debt-management plans are not right for all individuals,
and you may ask us to provide information about other ways, including
bankruptcy, to deal with your debts.
(2) Using a debt-management plan may hurt your credit rating
or credit scores.
(3) We may
receive compensation for our services from your creditors.
______________________________________________________
Name and business address of provider
(f)
If a provider will not receive payments from an individual’s creditors and the
plan contemplates that the individual’s creditors will reduce finance charges
or fees for late payment, default, or delinquency, a provider may comply with
subsection (d) by providing the following disclosure, surrounded by black
lines:
IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR YOU TO
CONSIDER
(1)
Debt-management plans are not right for all individuals, and you may ask us to
provide information about other ways, including bankruptcy, to deal with your
debts.
(2)
Using a debt-management plan may hurt your credit rating or credit scores.
______________________________________________________
Name and business address of provider
(g) If a plan contemplates that
creditors will settle debts for less than the full principal amount of debt
owed, a provider may comply with subsection (d) by providing the following
disclosure, surrounded by black lines:
IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR YOU TO
CONSIDER
(1) Our program is not right for all
individuals, and you may ask us to provide information about bankruptcy and
other ways to deal with your debts.
(2)
Nonpayment of your debts under our program may
∙hurt your credit rating or credit scores;
∙lead your creditors to increase finance and other charges; and
∙lead your creditors to undertake activity, including lawsuits, to
collect the debts.
(3) Reduction of debt under our
program may result in taxable income to you, even though you will not actually
receive any money.
______________________________________________________
Name and business address of provider
Section 3518.
COMMUNICATION BY ELECTRONIC OR OTHER MEANS.
(a)
In this section:
(1)
“Federal act” means the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce
Act, 15 U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq., as amended;
(2)
“Consumer” means an individual who seeks or obtains goods or services that are
used primarily for personal, family, or household purposes.
(b)
A provider may satisfy the requirements of Section 3517, 3519, or 3527 by means
of the Internet or other electronic means if the provider obtains a consumer’s
consent in the manner provided by Section 101(c)(1) of the federal act.
(c)
The disclosures and materials required by Sections 3517, 3519, and 3527 shall
be presented in a form that is capable of being accurately reproduced for later
reference.
(d)
With respect to disclosure by means of an Internet website, the disclosure of
the information required by Section 3517(d) must appear on one or more screens
that:
(1)
contain no other information; and
(2)
the individual must see before proceeding to assent to formation of a plan.
(e)
At the time of providing the materials and agreement required by Sections
3517(c) and (d), 3519, and 3527, a provider shall inform the individual that
upon electronic, telephonic, or written request, it will send the individual a
written copy of the materials and shall comply with a request as provided in
subsection (f).
(f)
If a provider is requested, before the expiration of 90 days after a plan is
completed or terminated, to send a written copy of the materials required by
Section 3517(c) and (d), 3519 or 3527, the provider shall send them at no
charge within three business days after the request, but the provider need not
comply with a request more than once per calendar month or if it reasonably
believes the request is made for purposes of harassment. If a request is made
more than 90 days after a plan is completed or terminated, the provider shall
send within a reasonable time a written copy of the materials requested.
(g)
A provider that maintains an Internet website shall disclose on the home page
of its website or on a page that is clearly and conspicuously connected to the
home page by a link that clearly reveals its contents:
(1)
its name and all names under which it does business;
(2)
its principal business address, telephone number, and electronic-mail address,
if any; and
(3)
the names of its principal officers.
(h)
Subject to subsection (i), if a consumer who has consented to electronic
communication in the manner provided by Section 101 of the federal act
withdraws consent as provided in the federal act, a provider may terminate its
agreement with the consumer.
(i)
If a provider wishes to terminate an agreement with a consumer pursuant to
subsection (h), it shall notify the consumer that it will terminate the
agreement unless the consumer, within 30 days after receiving the notification,
consents to electronic communication in the manner provided in Section 101(c)
of the federal act. If the consumer consents, the provider may terminate the
agreement only as permitted by Section 3519(a)(6)(G).
Section 3519. FORM
AND CONTENTS OF AGREEMENT.
(a)
An agreement must:
(1)
be in a record;
(2)
be dated and signed by the provider and the individual;
(3)
include the name of the individual and the address where the individual
resides;
(4)
include the name, business address, and telephone number of the provider;
(5)
be delivered to the individual immediately upon formation of the agreement; and
(6)
disclose:
(A)
the services to be provided;
(B)
the amount or method of determining the amount of all fees, individually itemized,
to be paid by the individual;
(C)
the schedule of payments to be made by or on behalf of the individual,
including the amount of each payment, the date on which each payment is due,
and an estimate of the date of the final payment;
(D)
if a plan provides for regular periodic payments to creditors:
(i) each
creditor of the individual to which payment will be made, the amount owed to
each creditor, and any concessions the provider reasonably believes each
creditor will offer; and
(ii) the
schedule of expected payments to each creditor, including the amount of each
payment and the date on which it will be made;
(E)
each creditor that the provider believes will not participate in the plan and
to which the provider will not direct payment;
(F)
how the provider will comply with its obligations under Section 3527(a);
(G)
that the provider may terminate the agreement for good cause, upon return of
unexpended money of the individual;
(H)
that the individual may cancel the agreement as provided in Section 3520;
(I) that the
individual may contact the Commissioner with any questions or complaints
regarding the provider; and
(J)
the address, telephone number, and Internet address or website of the
Commissioner.
(b)
For purposes of subsection (a)(5), delivery of an electronic record occurs when
it is made available in a format in which the individual may retrieve, save,
and print it and the individual is notified that it is available.
(c)
If the Commissioner supplies the provider with any information required under
subsection (a)(6)(J), the provider may comply with that requirement only by
disclosing the information supplied by the Commissioner.
(d)
An agreement must provide that:
(1)
the individual has a right to terminate the agreement at any time, without
penalty or obligation, by giving the provider written or electronic notice, in
which event:
(A)
the provider will refund all unexpended money that the provider or its agent
has received from or on behalf of the individual for the reduction or
satisfaction of the individual’s debt;
(B)
with respect to an agreement that contemplates that creditors will settle debts
for less than the principal amount of debt, the provider will refund 65 percent
of any portion of the set-up fee that has not been credited against the
settlement fee; and
(C)
all powers of attorney granted by the individual to the provider are revoked
and ineffective;
(2)
the individual authorizes any bank in which the provider or its agent has
established a trust account to disclose to the Commissioner any financial
records relating to the trust account; and
(3) the
provider will notify the individual within five days after learning of a
creditor’s decision to reject or withdraw from a plan and that this notice will
include:
(A)
the identity of the creditor; and
(B)
the right of the individual to modify or terminate the agreement.
(e)
An agreement may confer on a provider a power of attorney to settle the
individual’s debt for no more than 50 percent of the principal amount of the
debt. An agreement may not confer a power of attorney to settle a debt for more
than 50 percent of that amount, but may confer a power of attorney to negotiate
with creditors of the individual on behalf of the individual. An agreement must
provide that the provider will obtain the assent of the individual after a
creditor has assented to a settlement for more than 50 percent of the principal
amount of the debt.
(f)
An agreement may not:
(1)
provide for application of the law of any jurisdiction other than the
(2) except as
permitted by Section 2 of the Federal Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. Section 2, as
amended, or the Delaware Uniform Arbitration Act, Chapter 57 of Title 10 of the
Delaware Code, contain a provision that modifies or limits otherwise available
forums or procedural rights, including the right to trial by jury, that are
generally available to the individual under law other than this chapter;
(3)
contain a provision that restricts the individual’s remedies under this chapter
or law other than this chapter; or
(4)
contain a provision that:
(A)
limits or releases the liability of any person for not performing the agreement
or for violating this chapter; or
(B)
indemnifies any person for liability arising under the agreement or this
chapter.
(g)
All rights and obligations specified in subsection (d) and Section 3520 exist
even if not provided in the agreement. A
provision in an agreement which violates
subsection (d), (e), or (f) is void.
Section 3520.
CANCELLATION OF AGREEMENT; WAIVER
(a)
An individual may cancel an agreement before
(b)
An agreement must be accompanied by a form that contains in bold-face type
surrounded by bold black lines:
Notice of
Right to Cancel
You may cancel this agreement, without any
penalty or obligation, at any time before
To cancel this agreement during this period,
send an e-mail to
_______________________________ or mail or deliver a signed, dated copy E-mail address of provider
of this notice, or any other written notice to
____________________________
Name of provider
at _________________________________ before
Address of Provider Date
If you cancel this agreement within the 3-day period, we will refund all
money you already have paid us.
You also may terminate this agreement at any
later time, but we are not required to refund fees you have paid us.
I cancel this agreement,
__________________________________________
Print your name
__________________________________________
Signature
__________________________________________
Date
(c)
If a personal financial emergency necessitates the disbursement of an
individual’s money to one or more of the individual’s creditors before the
expiration of three days after an agreement is signed, an individual may waive
the right to cancel. To waive the right, the individual must send or deliver a
signed, dated statement in the individual’s own words describing the
circumstances that necessitate a waiver. The waiver must explicitly waive the
right to cancel. A waiver by means of a standard-form record is void.
Section
3521. REQUIRED LANGUAGE.
Unless the Commissioner, by rule,
provides otherwise, the disclosures and documents required by this chapter must
be in English. If a provider
communicates with an individual primarily in a language other than English, the
provider must furnish a translation into the other language of the disclosures
and documents required by this chapter.
(a)
All money paid to a provider by or on behalf of an individual pursuant to a
plan for distribution to creditors is held in trust. Within two business days
after receipt, the provider shall deposit the money in a trust account
established for the benefit of individuals to whom the provider is furnishing
debt-management services.
(b)
Money held in trust by a provider is not property of the provider or its
designee. The money is not available to
creditors of the provider or designee, except an individual from whom or on
whose behalf the provider received money, to the extent that the money has not
been disbursed to creditors of the individual.
(c)
A provider shall:
(1) maintain
separate records of account for each individual to whom the provider is
furnishing debt-management services;
(2)
disburse money paid by or on behalf of the individual to creditors of the
individual as disclosed in the agreement, except that:
(A)
the provider may delay payment to the extent that a payment by the individual
is not final; and
(B)
if a plan provides for regular periodic payments to creditors, the disbursement
must comply with the due dates established by each creditor; and
(3)
promptly correct any payments that are not made or that are misdirected as a
result of an error by the provider or other person in control of the trust
account and reimburse the individual for any costs or fees imposed by a
creditor as a result of the failure to pay or misdirection.
(d)
A provider may not commingle money in a trust account established for the
benefit of individuals to whom the provider is furnishing debt-management
services with money of other persons.
(e)
A trust account must at all times have a cash balance equal to the sum of the
balances of each individual’s account.
(f)
If a provider has established a trust account pursuant to subsection (a), the
provider shall reconcile the trust account at least once a month. The
reconciliation must compare the cash balance in the trust account with the sum
of the balances in each individual’s account. If the provider or its designee
has more than one trust account, each trust account must be individually
reconciled.
(g)
If a provider discovers, or has a reasonable suspicion of, embezzlement or
other unlawful appropriation of money held in trust, the provider immediately
shall notify the Commissioner by a method approved by the Commissioner. Unless
the Commissioner by rule provides otherwise, within five days thereafter, the
provider shall give notice to the Commissioner describing the remedial action
taken or to be taken.
(h)
If an individual terminates an agreement or it becomes reasonably apparent to a
provider that a plan has failed, the provider shall promptly refund to the
individual all money paid by or on behalf of the individual which has not been
paid to creditors, less fees that are payable to the provider under Section
3523.
(i)
Before relocating a trust account from one bank to another, a provider shall
inform the Commissioner of the name, business address, and telephone number of
the new bank. As soon as practicable, the provider shall inform the
Commissioner of the account number of the trust account at the new bank.
(j) All
providers shall maintain an overdraft notification agreement with every bank at
which they have established the trust accounts required by this section.
(1)
An overdraft notification agreement shall require the bank to notify the
Commissioner in the event that any instrument in properly payable form is
presented against a provider’s trust account containing insufficient funds,
irrespective of whether or not the instrument is honored.
(2) In the
case of dishonored instruments, the notice shall be identical to the overdraft
notice customarily sent to the depositor, and a copy of the dishonored
instrument shall be sent to the Commissioner no later than seven days following
the Commissioner’s request for such a copy.
(3) In the
case of instruments that are presented against insufficient funds, but which
instruments are honored, the notice shall identify the provider, the bank, the
account number, the amount of the overdraft, the date of presentation for
payment, and the date paid.
(4) Reports
shall be made simultaneously with, and within the time provided for, notice of
dishonor. If an instrument presented
against insufficient funds is honored, the notice shall be made within seven
days of the date of presentation for payment against insufficient funds.
(k)
Every provider shall be deemed as a condition of licensure to have consented to
the reporting and production requirements mandated by this section, and banks
may charge providers for the reasonable costs of providing those notices and
records.
Section 3523. FEES
AND OTHER CHARGES.
(a)
A provider may not impose directly or indirectly a fee or other charge on an
individual or receive money from or on behalf of an individual for
debt-management services except as permitted by this section.
(b)
A provider may not impose charges or receive payment for debt-management
services until the provider and the individual have signed an agreement that
complies with Sections 3519 and 3528.
(c) If an
individual assents to an agreement, a provider may not impose a fee or other
charge for educational or counseling services, or the like, except as otherwise
provided in this subsection and Section 3528(d). The Commissioner may authorize
a provider to charge a fee based on the nature and extent of the educational or
counseling services furnished by the provider.
(d)
Subject to adjustment of dollar amounts pursuant to Section 3532(f), the
following rules apply:
(1)
If an individual assents to a plan that contemplates that creditors will reduce
finance charges or fees for late payment, default, or delinquency, the provider
may charge:
(A) a fee not
exceeding $50 for consultation, obtaining a credit report, setting up an
account, and the like; and
(B)
a monthly service fee, not to exceed $10 times the number of creditors
remaining in a plan at the time the fee is assessed, but not more than $50 in
any month.
(2)
If an individual assents to a plan that contemplates that creditors will settle
debts for less than the principal amount of the debt, a provider may charge:
(A)
subject to Section 3519(d), a fee for consultation, obtaining a credit report,
setting up an account, and the like, in an amount not exceeding the lesser of
$400 and four percent of the debt in the plan at the inception of the plan; and
(B) a monthly
service fee, not to exceed $10 times the number of creditors remaining in a
plan at the time the fee is assessed, but not more than $50 in any month.
(3)
A provider may not impose or receive fees under both paragraphs (1) and (2).
(4) Except as
otherwise provided in Section 3528(d), if an individual does not assent to an
agreement, a provider may receive for educational and counseling services it
provides to the individual a fee not exceeding $100 or, with the approval of
the Commissioner, a larger fee. The Commissioner may approve a fee larger than
$100 if the nature and extent of the educational and counseling services
warrant the larger fee.
(e)
If, before the expiration of 90 days after the completion or termination of
educational or counseling services, an individual assents to an agreement, the
provider shall refund to the individual any fee paid pursuant to subsection
(d)(4).
(f)
Except as otherwise provided in subsections (c) and (d), if a plan contemplates
that creditors will settle an individual’s debts for less than the principal
amount of the debt, compensation for services in connection with settling a
debt may not exceed, with respect to each debt:
(1) 30
percent of the excess of the principal amount of the debt over the amount paid
the creditor pursuant to the plan; less
(2)
to the extent it has not been credited against an earlier settlement fee:
(A)
the fee charged pursuant to subsection (d)(2)(A); and
(B)
the aggregate of fees charged pursuant to subsection (d)(2)(B).
(g)
Subject to adjustment of the dollar amount pursuant to Section 3532(f), if a
payment to a provider by an individual under this chapter is dishonored, a
provider may impose a reasonable charge on the individual, not to exceed the
lesser of $25 and the amount permitted by law other than this chapter.
Section 3524. VOLUNTARY
CONTRIBUTIONS.
A provider may not solicit a
voluntary contribution from an individual or an affiliate of the individual for
any service provided to the individual. A provider may accept voluntary
contributions from an individual but, until 30 days after completion or
termination of a plan, the aggregate amount of money received from or on behalf
of the individual may not exceed the total amount the provider may charge the
individual under Section 3523.
Section
3525. VOIDABLE AGREEMENTS.
(a)
If a provider imposes a fee or other charge or receives money or other payments
not authorized by Section 3523 or 3524, the individual may void the agreement
and recover as provided in Section 3535.
(b)
If a provider is not licensed as required by this chapter when an individual
assents to an agreement, the agreement is voidable by the individual.
(c)
If an individual voids an agreement under subsection (b), the provider does not
have a claim against the individual for breach of contract or for restitution.
Section 3526.
TERMINATION OF AGREEMENTS.
(a)
If an individual who has entered into an agreement fails for 60 days to make
payments required by the agreement, a provider may terminate the agreement.
(b)
If a provider or an individual terminates an agreement, the provider shall
immediately return to the individual:
(1)
any money of the individual held in trust for the benefit of the individual;
and
(2)
65 percent of any portion of the set-up fee received pursuant to Section
3523(d)(2) which has not been credited against settlement fees.
Section 3527.
PERIODIC REPORTS AND RETENTION OF RECORDS.
(a)
A provider shall provide the accounting required by subsection (b):
(1)
upon cancellation or termination of an agreement; and
(2)
before cancellation or termination of any agreement:
(A)
at least once each month; and
(B)
within five business days after a request by an individual, but the provider
need not comply with more than one request in any calendar month.
(b)
A provider, in a record, shall provide each individual for whom it has
established a plan an accounting of the following information:
(1)
the amount of money received from the individual since the last report;
(2)
the amounts and dates of disbursement made on the individual’s behalf, or by
the individual upon the direction of the provider, since the last report to
each creditor listed in the plan;
(3)
the amounts deducted from the amount received from the individual;
(4)
the amount held in reserve; and
(5)
if, since the last report, a creditor has agreed to accept as payment in full
an amount less than the principal amount of the debt owed by the individual:
(A)
the total amount and terms of the settlement;
(B)
the amount of the debt when the individual assented to the plan;
(C)
the amount of the debt when the creditor agreed to the settlement; and
(D)
the calculation of a settlement fee.
(c) A
provider shall maintain records for each individual for whom it provides
debt-management services for a minimum of five years after the final payment
made by the individual and produce a copy of them to the individual within a
reasonable time after a request for them.
(d) (1) Every provider
shall maintain such books, accounts and records relating to all transactions
within this chapter as will enable the Commissioner to enforce full compliance
with this chapter;
(2)
All books, accounts and records of the provider shall be preserved and kept
available as provided in this chapter or for such longer period of time as the
Commissioner may by regulation require; and
(3)
The Commissioner may prescribe the minimum information to be shown in such
books, accounts and records of the provider so that such records will enable
the Commissioner to determine compliance with this chapter.
(e)
The provider may use electronic or other means of storage of all books,
accounts and records that it is required to maintain.
Section 3528.
PROHIBITED ACTS AND PRACTICES.
(a)
A provider may not, directly or indirectly:
(1)
misappropriate or misapply money held in trust;
(2)
settle a debt on behalf of an individual for more than 50 percent of the
principal amount of the debt owed a creditor, unless the individual assents to
the settlement after the creditor has assented;
(3)
take a power of attorney that authorizes it to settle a debt, unless the power
of attorney expressly limits the provider’s authority to settle debts for not
more than 50 percent of the principal amount of the debt owed a creditor;
(4)
exercise or attempt to exercise a power of attorney after an individual has
terminated an agreement;
(5)
initiate a transfer from an individual’s account at a bank or with another
person unless the transfer is:
(A)
a return of money to the individual; or
(B)
before termination of an agreement, properly authorized by the agreement and
this chapter, and for:
(i)
payment to one or more creditors pursuant to a plan; or
(ii)
payment of a fee;
(6)
offer a gift or bonus, premium, reward, or other compensation to an individual
for executing an agreement;
(7)
offer, pay, or give a gift or bonus, premium, reward, or other compensation to
a person for referring a prospective customer, if the person making the
referral has a financial interest in the outcome of debt-management services
provided to the customer, unless neither the provider nor the person making the
referral communicates to the prospective customer the identity of the source of
the referral;
(8)
receive a bonus, commission, or other benefit for referring an individual to a
person;
(9)
structure a plan in a manner that would result in a negative amortization of
any of an individual’s debts, unless a creditor that is owed a negatively
amortizing debt agrees to refund or waive the finance charge upon payment of
the principal amount of the debt;
(10)
compensate its employees on the basis of a formula that incorporates the number
of individuals the employee induces to enter into agreements;
(11)
settle a debt or lead an individual to believe that a payment to a creditor is
in settlement of a debt to the creditor unless, at the time of settlement, the
individual receives a certification by the creditor that the payment is in full
settlement of the debt;
(12)
make a representation that:
(A)
the provider will furnish money to pay bills or prevent attachments;
(B)
payment of a certain amount will permit satisfaction of a certain amount or
range of indebtedness; or
(C)
participation in a plan will or may prevent litigation, garnishment,
attachment, repossession, foreclosure, eviction, or loss of employment;
(13)
misrepresent that it is authorized or competent to furnish legal advice or
perform legal services;
(14)
represent that it is a not-for-profit entity unless it is organized and
properly operating as a not-for-profit under the law of the state in which it
was formed or that it is a tax-exempt entity unless it has received
certification of tax-exempt status from the United States Internal Revenue
Service;
(15)
take a confession of judgment or power of attorney to confess judgment against
an individual; or
(16)
employ an unfair, unconscionable, or deceptive act or practice, including the
knowing omission of any material information.
(b)
If a provider furnishes debt-management services to an individual, the provider
may not, directly or indirectly:
(1)
purchase a debt or obligation of the individual;
(2)
receive from or on behalf of the individual:
(A)
a promissory note or other negotiable instrument other than a check or a demand
draft; or
(B)
a post-dated check or demand draft;
(3) lend
money or provide credit to the individual, except as a deferral of a settlement
fee at no additional expense to the individual;
(4)
obtain a mortgage or other security interest from any person in connection with
the services provided to the individual;
(5)
except as permitted by federal law, disclose the identity or identifying
information of the individual or the identity of the individual’s creditors,
except to:
(A)
the Commissioner, upon proper demand;
(B)
a creditor of the individual, to the extent necessary to secure the cooperation
of the creditor in a plan; or
(C)
the extent necessary to administer the plan;
(6)
except as otherwise provided in Section 3523(f), provide the individual less
than the full benefit of a compromise of a debt arranged by the provider;
(7)
charge the individual for or provide credit or other insurance, coupons for
goods or services, membership in a club, access to computers or the Internet,
or any other matter not directly related to debt-management services or
educational services concerning personal finance; or
(8)
furnish legal advice or perform legal services, unless the person furnishing
that advice to or performing those services for the individual is licensed to
practice law.
(c)
This chapter does not authorize any person to engage in the practice of law.
(d)
A provider may not receive a gift or bonus, premium, reward or other
compensation, directly or indirectly, for advising, arranging, or assisting an
individual in connection with obtaining an extension of credit or other service
from a lender or service provider, except for educational or counseling services
required in connection with a government-sponsored program.
(e)
Unless a person supplies goods, services, or facilities generally and supplies
them to the provider at a cost no greater than the cost the person generally
charges to others, a provider may not purchase goods, services, or facilities
from the person if an employee or a person that the provider should reasonably
know is an affiliate of the provider:
(1)
owns more than 10 percent of the person; or
(2)
is an employee or affiliate of the person.
Section 3529. NOTICE
OF LITIGATION.
No later than 30 days after a
provider has been served with notice of a civil action for violation of this
chapter by or on behalf of an individual who resides in this state at either
the time of an agreement or the time the notice is served, the provider shall
notify the Commissioner in a record that it has been sued.
A provider that advertises
debt-management services shall disclose in an easily comprehensible manner the
information specified in Section 3517(d)(3) and (4).
Section 3531.
LIABILITY FOR THE CONDUCT OF OTHER PERSONS.
If a provider delegates any of its
duties or obligations under an agreement or this chapter to another person,
including an independent contractor, the provider is liable for conduct of the
person which, if done by the provider, would violate the agreement or this
chapter.
Section 3532. POWERS
OF COMMISSIONER.
(a)
The Commissioner may act on the Commissioner’s own initiative or in response to
complaints, and may receive complaints, take action to obtain voluntary
compliance with this chapter, refer cases to the attorney general, and seek or
provide remedies as provided in this chapter.
(b)
Every provider licensed under this chapter, or other person to whom a provider
has delegated its obligations under an agreement or this chapter, shall be
subject to the supervision and examination of the Commissioner and shall be
examined by the Commissioner or the Commissioner’s authorized representative
annually or at such intervals as the Commissioner deems necessary.
(1)
On the occasion of every examination, the Commissioner or the Commissioner’s
authorized representative shall be given access to every part of the office or
place of business visited and to the assets, securities, books, records and
papers of the business;
(2)
The examination made by the Commissioner or the Commissioner’s authorized
representative shall be a thorough examination into the affairs of the business
visited, the resources and liabilities, the investment of the funds, the mode
of conducting the business and the compliance or noncompliance with this Code
and any other statutes of the state; and in connection with such examination,
the Commissioner or the Commissioner’s authorized representative may examine,
under oath or affirmation, any and all persons connected with or associated
with the licensee.
(3)
If, in the Commissioner’s opinion, it is necessary for a thorough examination
of a licensed provider other third parties to assist the Commissioner in such
examination. Within 10 days after
receipt of a statement from the Commissioner, such licensed provider shall pay
or reimburse the fees, costs and expenses of any third parties retained by the
Commissioner under this subsection.
(c)
The Commissioner may seek a court order authorizing seizure from a bank at
which the person maintains a trust account required by Section 3522, any or all
money, books, records, accounts, and other property of the provider that is in
the control of the bank and relates to individuals who reside in this state.
(d)
The Commissioner may enter into cooperative arrangements with any other federal
or state agency having authority over providers and may exchange with any of
those agencies information about a provider, including information obtained
during an examination of the provider.
(e)
The Commissioner shall assess fees to be paid by providers for the expense of
administering this chapter, including supervisory assessment, examination,
application and renewal fees, in accordance with this title. All fees shall be paid to the State Bank
Commissioner Regulatory Revolving Fund created by Section 105 of this title.
(f)
The Commissioner may adopt dollar amounts instead of those specified in
Sections 3502, 3509, and 3523 to reflect inflation, as measured by the United
States Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers
or, if that index is not available, another index adopted by rule by the Commissioner.
The Commissioner shall adopt a base year and adjust the dollar amounts,
effective on July 1 of each year, if the change in the index from the base
year, as of December 31 of the preceding year, is at least 10 percent. The dollar amount must be rounded to the
nearest $100, except that the amounts in Section 3523 must be rounded to the
nearest dollar.
(g)
The Commissioner shall notify licensed providers of any change in dollar
amounts made pursuant to subsection (f) and make that information available to
the public.
(h) The Commissioner may adopt such
regulations, not inconsistent herewith, as the Commissioner may deem necessary
or appropriate in the administration, interpretation and enforcement of this
chapter. Subchapter II of the Delaware
Administrative Procedures Act, Ch. 101 of Title 29 shall apply to the
procedures for adopting such regulations.
Section 3533.
ADMINISTRATIVE REMEDIES.
(a)
In addition to any other enforcement method specified in Chapter 1 of Title 5,
the Commissioner may enforce this chapter and the rules adopted under this
chapter by taking one or more of the following actions:
(1)
ordering a provider or a director, employee, or other agent of a provider to
cease and desist from any violations;
(2)
ordering a provider or a person that has caused a violation to correct the
violation, including making restitution of money or property to a person aggrieved
by a violation;
(3)
imposing on a provider or a person that has caused a violation a civil penalty
not exceeding $50,000 for each violation;
(4)
prosecuting a civil action to:
(A)
enforce an order; or
(B)
obtain restitution or an injunction or other equitable relief, or both;
(5)
intervening in an action brought under Section 3535.
(b)
If a person violates or knowingly authorizes, directs, or aids in the violation
of a final order issued under subsection (a)(1) or (2), the Commissioner may
impose a civil penalty not exceeding $75,000 for each violation.
(c)
In determining the amount of a civil penalty to impose under subsection (a) or
(b), the Commissioner shall consider the seriousness of the violation, the good
faith of the violator, any previous violations by the violator, the deleterious
effect of the violation on the public, the net worth of the violator, and any
other factor the Commissioner considers relevant to the determination of the
civil penalty.
(d) Any civil penalty imposed under
subsections (a) or (b) shall be paid to the State Treasurer for deposit in the
General Fund.
(e) Service of any notice or order
issued pursuant to subsections (a)(1), (2), (3) or (b) may be effected in any
manner that is allowed for service of a complaint in the Superior Court of this
state.
(f)
The Commissioner may recover from the violator all reasonable costs of
enforcing this chapter under subsections (a) and (b), including attorney’s fees
based on the hours reasonably expended and the hourly rates for attorneys of
comparable experience in the community, and also including the compensation of
all employees of the Commissioner’s office based on the time they reasonably
expended on the matter.
(g) (1) Except as provided in paragraph
(2) of this subsection, an order issued under subsections (a)(1), (2), (3), or
(b) shall not become effective less than 10 days after the order is
served. After an order is served, but
before its effective date, any interested party may petition the Commissioner
for a hearing. At the conclusion of such
hearing, the Commissioner may affirm the order as originally issued, or modify,
amend or rescind the order.
(2)
Whenever in the opinion of the Commissioner, the violation that is the subject
of an order under subsection (a)(1) or (2) represents an immediate danger or
substantial harm to the interests of any person aggrieved by a violation or the
public, or where such violation or its continuance is likely to cause
insolvency or substantial dissipation of the assets of a provider, the
Commissioner may issue an order which shall become effective immediately upon
service, without prior notice or hearing.
Upon application of any interested party, the Commissioner shall afford
an opportunity for a hearing to consider rescission of that order or any action
taken promptly thereafter.
(3)
Upon receipt of a hearing request, the Commissioner shall conduct a
proceeding pursuant to Subchapter III of the Delaware Administrative Procedures
Act, Chapter 101 of Title 29.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, any final order under
this section will be a public record.
Section 3534. SUSPENSION,
REVOCATION, OR NONRENEWAL OF LICENSE.
(a)
In this section “insolvent” means:
(1)
having generally ceased to pay debts in the ordinary course of business other
than as a result of good-faith dispute;
(2)
being unable to pay debts as they become due; or
(3)
being insolvent within the meaning of the federal bankruptcy law, 11 U.S.C.
Section 101 et seq., as amended.
(b)
The Commissioner may suspend, revoke, or deny renewal of a provider’s license
if:
(1)
a fact or condition exists that, if it had existed when the licensed provider
applied for its provider license, would have been a reason for denying the
license;
(2)
the provider has committed a material violation of this chapter or a rule or
order of the Commissioner under this chapter;
(3)
the provider is insolvent;
(4)
the provider or an employee or affiliate of the provider has refused to permit
the Commissioner to make an examination authorized by this chapter; or
(5)
the provider has not responded within a reasonable time and in an appropriate
manner to communications from the Commissioner.
(c)
If a provider does not comply with Section 3522(f) or if the Commissioner
otherwise finds that the public health or safety or general welfare requires
emergency action, the Commissioner may order a summary suspension of the
provider’s license, effective on the date specified in the order.
(d)
If the Commissioner suspends, revokes, or denies the renewal of a provider
license, the Commissioner may seek a court order authorizing seizure of any or
all of the money in a trust account required by Section 3522, as well as all
books, records, accounts, and other property of the provider which are located
in this state.
(e)
If the Commissioner makes a preliminary determination to suspend or revoke a
provider’s license, the provider may file a request for a hearing with the
Commissioner pursuant to Subchapter IV of the Delaware Administrative
Procedures Act, Chapter 101 of Title 29.
The Commissioner’s preliminary determination may become a final decision
if such a request is not timely filed.
Notwithstanding any other provisions of this title, any final order
under this section will be a public record.
Section
3535. PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT.
(a)
If an individual voids an agreement pursuant to Section 3525(b), the individual
may recover in a civil action all money paid or deposited by or on behalf of
the individual pursuant to the agreement, except amounts paid to creditors, in
addition to the recovery under subsection (c)(3) and (4).
(b)
If an individual voids an agreement pursuant to Section 3525(a), the individual
may recover in a civil action three times the total amount of the fees,
charges, money, and payments made by the individual to the provider, in
addition to the recovery under subsection (c)(4).
(c)
Subject to subsection (d), an individual with respect to whom a provider
violates this chapter may recover in a civil action from the provider and any
person that caused the violation:
(1)
compensatory damages for injury, including non-economic injury, caused by the
violation;
(2)
except as otherwise provided in Subsection (d), with respect to a violation of
Sections 3517, 3519, 3520, 3521, 3522, 3523, 3524, 3527, or 3528(a), (b), or
(d), the greater of the amount recoverable under paragraph (1) or $5,000;
(3)
punitive damages; and
(4)
reasonable attorney’s fees and costs.
(d)
In a class action, except for a violation of Section 3528(a)(5), the minimum
damages provided in subsection (c)(2) do not apply.
(e)
In addition to the remedy available under subsection (c), if a provider
violates an individual’s rights under Section 3520, the individual may recover
in a civil action all money paid or deposited by or on behalf of the individual
pursuant to the agreement, except for amounts paid to creditors.
(f)
A provider is not liable under this section for a violation of this chapter if
the provider proves that the violation was not intentional and resulted from a
good-faith error notwithstanding the maintenance of procedures reasonably
adapted to avoid the error. An error of legal judgment with respect to a
provider’s obligations under this chapter is not a good-faith error. If in
connection with a violation, the provider has received more money than authorized
by an agreement or this chapter, the defense provided by this subsection is not
available unless the provider refunds the excess within two business days of
learning of the violation.
(g)
The Commissioner shall assist an individual in enforcing a judgment against the
surety bond or other security provided under Section 3513 or 3514.
Section 3536.
VIOLATION OF UNFAIR OR DECEPTIVE PRACTICES STATUTE.
If an act or practice of a provider
violates both this chapter and Chapter 25 of Title 6, an individual may not
recover under both for the same act or practice.
Section
3537. STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.
(a)
An action or proceeding brought pursuant to Section 3533(a), (b), or (c) must
be commenced within four years after the conduct that is the basis of the
Commissioner’s complaint.
(b)
An action brought pursuant to Section 3535 must be commenced within three years
after the latest of:
(1)
the individual’s last transmission of money to a provider;
(2)
the individual’s last transmission of money to a creditor at the direction of
the provider;
(3)
the provider’s last disbursement to a creditor of the individual;
(4)
the provider’s last accounting to the individual pursuant to Section 3527(a);
(5)
the date on which the individual discovered or reasonably should have discovered
the facts giving rise to the individual’s claim; or
(6)
termination of actions or proceedings by the Commissioner with respect to a
violation of the chapter.
(c)
The period prescribed in subsection (b)(5) is tolled during any period during
which the provider or, if different, the defendant has materially and willfully
misrepresented information required by this chapter to be disclosed to the
individual if the information so misrepresented is material to the
establishment of the liability of the defendant under this chapter.
Section 3538.
UNIFORMITY OF APPLICATION AND CONSTRUCTION.
In applying and construing this
Uniform Act, consideration must be given to the need to promote uniformity of
the law with respect to its subject matter among states that enact it.
Section 3539. RELATION TO ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES IN GLOBAL AND NATIONAL
COMMERCE ACT.
This chapter modifies, limits, and
supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce
Act (15 U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq.) but does not modify, limit, or supersede
Section 101(c) of that Act (15 U.S.C. Section 7001(c)) or authorize electronic
delivery of any of the notices described in Section 103(b) of that Act (15
U.S.C. Section 7003(b)).”
Section 2.
SEVERABILITY.
If any provision of this Act or its
application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does
not affect other provisions or applications of this Act that can be given
effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the
provisions of this Act are severable.
Section 3.
TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS; APPLICATION TO EXISTING TRANSACTIONS.
Transactions entered into before this Act takes effect and
the rights, duties, and interests resulting from them may be completed,
terminated, or enforced as required or permitted by a law amended, repealed, or
modified by this Act as though the amendment, repeal, or modification had not
occurred.
Section 4.
EXEMPTION FROM CHAPTER 24 OF TITLE 6
Amend Section 2402(b)(4) of Title 6 of the Delaware Code by
inserting the words “or Chapter 35” after the words “Chapter 22” and before the
words “of Title 5”.
Section 5. Amend Section 910 of Title 11 of the Delaware Code by deleting after the word “association” the phrase “which engages in debt adjusting even though the non-profit corporation or association may charge and collect nominal sums as reimbursement for expenses in connection with such services”, and substituting in lieu thereof the following phrase: which is licensed under Chapter 35 of Title 5.”
Section 6. EFFECTIVE DATE
This Act takes effect six months after enactment.
SYNOPSIS
This Bill creates a new
chapter to license and regulate non-profit businesses engaged in offering
credit counseling and debt management services. The Bill is modeled on the
Uniform Debt-Management Services Act. Not-for-profit debt counseling
providers may be licensed with proof of non-profit status and tax exemption. Applications for licenses must
be accompanied by a nonrefundable fee of $2,000 to credit of State Banking
Commissioner Regulatory Revolving Fund, a corporate surety bond of at least
$500,000, (or irrevocable letter of credit), evidence of insurance against
dishonest, fraud, theft and other misconduct of at least $500,000,
identification of all trust accounts with an irrevocable consent authorizing
the Commissioner to review and examine the trust accounts and overdraft
notification agreement similar to what is imposed on all lawyers licensed in
the State of Delaware who hold client trust accounts. This Bill specifies, in
detail, the information that must be contained in license application,
updated license information, denials of licensure (subject to Delaware
Administrative Procedures Act), renewals of licenses and reciprocity of
licensure. The Bill regulates the
counseling of consumers before signing a Debt-Management Plan, including
financial analysis, identification of which creditors are expected to
participate, or not participate or not grant concessions, certain disclaimers
and disclosures including whether the provider is receiving any compensation
from the consumer’s creditors. All Agreements must have a three business day
right of cancellation with complete refund of all fees paid by consumer. If provider communicates with
consumer primarily in a language other than English the provider must furnish
all disclosures and documents in that other language. All pre-Agreement disclosures
and disclaimers and Agreements may be made by electronic means if the
consumer consents consistent with the Federal Electronic Signatures in Global
and National Commerce Act. The Bill regulates the fees
that can be charged, depending on the services being provided, up to a not to
exceed maximum. The Bill provides for the
manner of terminating Agreements. The Bill also provides for
prohibited acts by Providers that could involve or lead to collusion,
conflicts of interest or other bad practices. The Bill gives the Delaware
Banking Commission full authority to investigate all consumer complaints,
impose cease and desist orders, order restitution, civilly prosecute and
refer cases to the Delaware attorney general for criminal prosecution. The Bill also allows for
consumers to seek civil damages individually or by class action including
punitive damages and attorney’s fees. The Act will take effect six
months after enactment. |